To test whether the problem might be a corrupted document first recheck the Endnote record for Figure 17 to confirm the entry is correct then create a new document and insert all 17 figures – if the figures, captions, and List of Figures are correct then something might be wrong with your original document. If the problem appears to be in the original document then 1) troubleshoot for problematic field codes as outlined in this knowledge base article http://endnote.com/kb/81143 and 2) check for any insertion of section or page breaks occurring before the place where Figures 17 is meant to be inserted and delete it.
Personally when it comes to figures, tables, and charts I use Microsoft Word’s captioning function with which generates “Lists” with correct pagination. I find MS Word provides greater control and functionality and just use Endnote to insert only the image.